Know all about human heart: 2011

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/08/long-term-complications-of-diabetes.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZsTSoLhl3Y4endofvid

[starttext]

Diabetes can affect both large and small blood vessel.

LARGE VESSEL DISEASE:

1. Heart attack or Acute coronary syndrome
2. Stroke
3. Peripheral vascular disease

SMALL VESSEL DISEASE

1. peripheral neuropathy
2. Diabetic retinopathy
3. Diabetic Nephropathy

[endtext]

Long Term Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/08/symptoms-of-diabetes-mellitus.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lGDet0fMSdUendofvid

[starttext]

A key factor to understand is most people with Diabetes Mellitus type 2 are asymptomatic. Explained well by Dr. Webster.

The key symptoms to watch out are:
1. Excessive thirst
2. Increased urination
3. Increased hunger

Other symptoms are:
lack or energy, Fatigue, weight loss etc.

[endtext]

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/08/diabetes-mellitus-type-2.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VLiTbb6MaEUendofvid

[starttext]
The most common form of Diabetes Mellitus in adults is type 2. The basic problem is relative deficiency or resistance to a hormone called Insulin.

Risk factors are obesity and sedentary life style. Genetics has a role to play.

AGE called as advanced glyaction end products are the main factors responsible for organ damage in Diabetes.

[endtext]

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/08/diabetes-mellitus-type-2-basics.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nBJN7DH83HAendofvid

[starttext]

This video explains the basic cell metabolism and the role of insulin in carbohydrate metabolism

[endtext]

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 - Basics

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/08/coronary-64-slice-ct-scan.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m2znNPEpPMsendofvid

[starttext]

Coronary 64 slice CT scan: A novel method to diagnose heart disease at a very early stage. It is still not widely used in clinical practice.

Advantage: It is painless, non invasive.

Disadvantage: Radiation but you are also exposed to radiation in a cardiac catheterization or nuclear cardiac scan. It does not actually identify the blockage!!!

What does it do: It identifies the hardening of the blood vessel and physician calculates what is called the calcium score. Higher the score greater is your risk for heart disease.

[endtext]

Coronary 64 Slice CT Scan

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/08/nuclear-cardiac-stress-test.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wY347r1gFSgendofvid

[starttext]

Nuclear Cardiac Stress Test: This is another form of stress test to detect heart disease in patient at risk.

The test consists of two parts.

First part: A medicine is given through the I.V to increase the heart rate. A second medicine which binds to the heart muscle is also given. Then you go through a scanner where multiple pictures of your heart is taken.

Second part: After 30 minutes to an hour delayed images are again taken.

CAUTION: You should not smoke, drink coffee, or take certain heart medicines like Nitrate, beta blocker which can interfere with the test results. Ask your doctor specifically about this!!!

[endtext]

Nuclear Cardiac Stress Test

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/cardiac-stress-echocardiogram.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIPaRAf6sQ0endofvid

[starttext]

Cardiac stress echocardiogram.

What are you suppose to expect?

It is an ultrasound which is done to see your heart at rest, during and after exercise. This gives an estimate of your heart’s pumping capacity and response to exercise.

Who should get it?

Patient with risk factors for heart disease, to rule out any underlying heart disease.

Following a heart attack to assess the heart function.

Patients with heart disease prior to any major surgery

Patient with previous heart attack, who have symptoms of chest pain or breathing
difficulty at present.

[endtext]

Cardiac stress echocardiogram

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/how-to-read-ekg-2.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ijVu77eSukoendofvid

[starttext]

Part 2 of EKG podcast by Dr. Dean Keller and Dr. Melissa Stiles. This segment focuses on cardiac rhythm identification and significance of “P” wave.

[endtext]

How to Read an EKG - 2?

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/how-to-read-ekg.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TOkpUURCm9Mendofvid

[starttext]

Dr. Dean Keller and Dr. Melissa Stiles discuss the fundamental steps in reading an EKG
in this podcast. They talk about the injury and infarct pattern of ST segment in EKG.
Localization of Myocardial infarction based on ST changes in the particular EKG leads is
also discussed.

[endtext]

How to Read an EKG?

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/how-to-use-intra-aortic-balloon-pump.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RU1gEBNK1pYendofvid

[starttext]
Intra aortic balloon pump (IABP) is used in patients with Cardiogenic shock. The procedure involves
passing a catheter through the groin like the cardiac catheterization. Through a guide wire the balloon is
placed with its tip distal to the left subclavian artery. This video explains the entire procedure in detail.
Trouble shooting the common problems encountered when a patient is on IABP is also well explained.

[endtext]

How To Use Intra Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP)

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/intra-aortic-balloon-pump-iabp.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o11fhdVOYWAendofvid

[starttext]

What is Intra aortic balloon pump (IABP)? What is its function and how it helps patient with heart disease?

[endtext]

Intra Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP)

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/what-is-shock.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9a7N9AU1GiQendofvid

[starttext]

What is shock? Why does it happen in patients after a heart attack or acute myocardial infarction?

In heart attack the part of the muscle that is deprived of its blood supply undergoes cell death and is

not able to perform its function. When the heart looses enough muscle it cannot perform its pumping

function. This in turn decreases the blood pumped by the heart to various organs like brain, kidney

etc. Decrease in blood flow leads to decrease in oxygen supply to vital organs and symptoms of shock

appear.

[endtext]

What is Shock?

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/syntax-trial-2.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PUEB7y2WA9Uendofvid

[starttext]
Part II of the syntax trial. The panel experts dig further about the details of the SYNTAX trial. What is to be expected in future are more trials looking at the same focus. FREEDOM trial is on its way funded by National Heart Lung Blood Institute. (NHLBI)

[endtext]

SYNTAX Trial -2

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/comparison-between-pci-and-cabg.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqEOEjENiU8endofvid
[starttext]
The expert panel members are discussing about landmark SYNTAX trial which compared between
PCI and CABG for treatment of acute myocardial infarction. In practice for left main coronary artery
disease and complex 3 vessel coronary artery disease still CABG (coronary artery by pass grafting) is the
treatment of choice. But this trial makes us step back and think…
[endtext]

Comparison between PCI and CABG

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/benefits-of-ivus.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZDAhkXjwWoendofvid
[starttext]
Does use of IVUS change the outcome of acute myocardial infarction? Do patients benefit from use of
IVUS?
[endtext]

Benefits of IVUS

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/ivus-intravascular-ultrasound.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jpMC8RtciZAendofvid
[starttext]
IVUS (Intravascular ultrasound) is an ultrasound probe used during cardiac catheterization to take a
closer look at the coronary artery and the blockage.
[endtext]

IVUS (Intravascular ultrasound)

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/thrombus-aspiration-in-primary.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_bUMm8E0w6sendofvid
[starttext]
Thrombus aspiration is new technique in primary angioplasty. The clot is sucked by a catheter before
deployment of the stent. This reduces the risk of breaking of the clot during the procedure. Thus
reduces the risk of any new occlusion.
[endtext]

Thrombus Aspiration in Primary Angioplasty

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/formation-of-blood-clot_19.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=36_qHWLFzI0endofvid
[starttext]
Primary PCI. NEJM (New England Journal of Medicine) video. Explaining the pathology of acute STEMI.
The treatment option for primary PCI includes balloon angioplasty or placement of bare metal stent.
[endtext]

Primary PCI

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-acute.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2dLSnzVvmEendofvid
[starttext]
Diagnosis of ACS is made by a combination of chest pain, ekg changes and elevation in cardiac enzymes. Emergent managment includes pain relief with nitrate and/or morphine, Aspirin, Plavix, heparin, GP IIb IIIA inhibitor. Patient is sent to the cath lab for PCI after emergent management.
[endtext]

Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/door-to-ballon-time.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YFcnt56o6HIendofvid
[starttext]
In a patient with acute coronary syndrome going for PCI/ coronary angioplasty, the time from arrival to the hospital to the placement of the stent should be less 90 minutes to ensure optimal outcome.
[endtext]

Door to Ballon Time

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/cardiac-enzymes.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QkT8if1b6aoendofvid
[starttext]
When a patient is admitted with Acute heart attack, a series of tests are run which includes a complete blood count, metabolic panel which includes lectroloytes and kidney function, Lipid panel and most important troponin (Cardiac enzyme which is released in to the blood due to heart muscle damage) which is checked every 6 hours.
[endtext]

Cardiac Enzymes

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/glycoprotein-iibiiia-inhibitors-in.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QGZwXBAWI_oendofvid
[starttext]
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors are a group of drugs which your doctor might use if he is doing a cardiac catheterization and coronary angioplasty. It inhibits platelet function and keeps the blood thinner and hence prevents clot formation during the procedure.
[endtext]

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angioplasty

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/who-should-take-statin.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhFasCO7PuIendofvid
[starttext]
Does everyone at risk for heart disease should take a statin? It is still an ongoing debate! There has been convincing evidence that people who have ongoing inflammation in their body as measured by (CRP) C- reactive protein will benefit irrespective of the level of cholesterol. The commonly used statins including rosuvastatin, atorvastatin, simvastatin, lovastatin and pravastatin all should be beneficial though there is difference in their potency. Generic ones also share the same effect.
[endtext]

Who Should Take Statin?

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/atorvastatin.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=82WTSCo4iCkendofvid
[starttext]
Atorvastatin belongs to the group of statin drugs. Statins help in the reduction of blood cholesterol and hence decreases the plaque formation, which is the basis for heart disease. The main side effects are muscle damage and liver injury. Not all people can take statin, so ask your doctor if it is right for you.
[endtext]

Atorvastatin

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/prasugrel-new-agent-added-to-clot.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0x9MqoSqrgYendofvid
[starttext]
Prasugrel is a similar drug like clopidogrl. Triton-TIMI 38 trial compared prasugrel to clopidogrel with aspirin. results have been favorable in greater reduction of cardiac events in prasugrel group. however the bleeding risk is also higher. It should be a clinical judgment at this point to favor one.
[endtext]

Prasugrel - New Agent Added to the Clot Buster Block

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/platelet-inhibition-plavix.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkbr0WupJiUendofvid
[starttext]
Clopidogrel popularly known as Plavix is an anti platelet medication. It is used in high doses before coronary angioplasty and also as long term in patients who have cardiac stent. When taken with aspirin it has additional anti platelet effect and hence greater reduction in clot formation.
[endtext]

Platelet Inhibition - Plavix

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/aspirin-in-heart-disease.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hL8oup_1tn4endofvid
[starttext]
There have been changes in recommendations for aspirin in patients at risk for heart disease. Dr. ....explains the changing trends and his views. Another key video discusses if women should take aspirin, to see it click HERE.
This video explains the benefits of taking aspirin for prevention of heart disease in women over 65 years and with major risk for CAD.

[endtext]

Aspirin In Heart Disease

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/formation-of-blood-clot.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=--bZUeb83uUendofvid
[starttext]
It is important to review how a blood clot is formed to have a better understanding of the medicines used in the treatment of acute heart attack. To recollect, heart attack occurs when a clot blocks a coronary artery and cuts of the blood supply to a particular part of your heart.
[endtext]

Formation Of Blood Clot

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/cardiac-catheterization-and-coronary.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N7nghr9TpSUendofvid
[starttext]
This is a catheter based treatment for acute heart attack. It involves placement of a cardiac stent which is either a metal one or coated with a special drug to prevent blood clot over the stent. The stent remains in place and enlarges the artery to increase the blood flow to the heart.
[endtext]

Cardiac Catheterization and Coronary Angioplasty

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/07/types-of-angina-what-is-angina.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RXuPBaKzmfMendofvid
[starttext]
What is Angina and what are the different types of Angina?
[endtext]

Types of Angina - What is Angina?

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/symptoms-of-coronary-artery-disease.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_OQWfGvanQendofvid
[starttext]
This video explains the symptoms of Coronary Artery Disease.
[endtext]

Symptoms of Coronary Artery Disease

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/learn-about-coronary-artery-disease_30.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CfAAokhXa4Mendofvid
[starttext]
Dr. Jeffrey Brown explains that Atherosclerosis causes coronary heart disease. The video progresses to explain how artery walls get damaged, LDL and plaque formation.
.[endtext]

Learn About Coronary Artery Disease: part 2

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/learn-about-coronary-artery-disease.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GFhm9FOQ2CYendofvid
[starttext]
Dr. jeffrey Brown explains about Coronary Artery Disease. Coronary artery disease is also called heart disease, CAD and coronary heart disease. This is the principal cause of heart attack. CAD is a highly preventable illness. The video goes on to explain about this disease in a methodical, detailed fashion.
[endtext]

Learn about Coronary Artery Disease: part 1

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/pregnancy-induced-hypertension.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCxwP2Zph3Iendofvid
[starttext]
This is called as gestational hypertension. Preeclampsia is a condition that arises during the second half of pregnancy that has the following symptoms:
High blood pressure
Protein in th urine
Swelling of legs or Edema.
[endtext]

Pregnancy Induced Hypertension

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/secondary-causes-of-hypertension.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GAUd-Us7augendofvid
[starttext]
The term secondary hypertension is used when there is an identifiable cause. Secondary hypertension occurs in about 5% of all hypertension cases. Secondary causes are exogenous factors like drugs, too much salt intake, obesity, stress, etc. The video also discusses many other secondary causes like heavy smoking, vascular disease, renal artery stenosis, etc.
[endtext]

Secondary Causes of Hypertension

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/medications-for-high-blood-pressure.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9zTFVmUK1gkendofvid
[starttext]
Are you among the 25% of Americans that suffer from hypertension? Fortunately hypertension can be treated with prescription medication. The common medication types are:

1. ACE inhibitors (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors)

2. ARB drugs (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers)

Both these medication types affect the hormonal system that affects blood pressure.

Some hypertension patients are treated with Beta-Blockers. Beta Blockers work on the sympathetic nervous system. This can slow down the heart rate and reduce contractions. This medication is useful for patients with Angina or who have had heart attacks. However, there are some side effects for this type of medication.
[endtext]

Medications for High Blood Pressure

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/how-to-monitor-your-blood-pressure-at.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uq7R7JR5d38endofvid
[starttext]

How To Monitor Your Blood Pressure at Home?

1. Blood pressure should be recorded at the same time of the day.
2. You have to be very relaxed at least for 5 minutes before checking.
3. Do not smoke or drink coffee prior to checking your blood pressure.
4. Be seated where you can rest comfortably.
5. Use the same arm every time.
6. Your arms should b rested on a table while checking blood pressure.
7. Make sure you have a standard blood pressure monitor.
8. Once in a while, take your blood pressure monitor to your doctor to check if it correlates with his monitor.
9. Maintain a log of the blood pressure readings.
10. TAKE YOUR BLOOD PRESSURE LOG TO YOUR DOCTOR FOR ALL APPOINTMENTS.
[endtext]

How To Monitor Your Blood Pressure at Home

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/lifestyle-modification-for-hypertension.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qse36OuUMxoendofvid
[starttext]
What are the steps to take to modify your lifestyle to prevent hypertension?
1. Exercise daily
2. Monitor your blood pressure periodically.
3. Stick with the DASH diet.
4. Increase intake of folic acid and potassium.
5. Maintain ideal weight.

[endtext]

Lifestyle Modification for Hypertension

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/dash-diet-for-hypertension.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8rBwbC_2EwAendofvid
[starttext]
DASH stands for Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension. DASH diet is recommended by the JNC committee for hypertension. It is a healthy diet which includes lots of fruits, vegetables,greens, low sodium (salt), less saturated fat, and less red meat. The video also provides many recipes and interesting tips to create your own dash diet.
[endtext]

DASH Diet for Hypertension

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/causes-of-high-blood-pressure.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hb8fj8gK4Mcendofvid
[starttext]
What causes high blood pressure?

The cause of high blood pressure or hypertension is not known in 90% of the cases. But the following traits can put you at high risk to develop hypertension:

1. Family History
2. If you are African American
3. Obesity
4. Diabetes
5. Dyslipidemia (Bad cholesterol)
6. Young women on oral contraception
7. Kidney disease

[endtext]

Causes of High Blood Pressure

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/effects-of-high-blood-pressure.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tAmLbclSucQendofvid
[starttext]
Hypertension is a silent killer. If hypertension is present for a long time and untreated it can lead to consquences. That's when the patient starts to experience symptoms. Untreated Hypertension can affect the brain, heart, kidneys, eyes and peripheral arteries.

Warning signs:

1. Dizziness, headaches, blurred vision, slurred speech, focal weakness of limbs.
2. Chest pain, labored breathing, fatigue.
3. Decreased urine output, blood in urine (hematuria), puffiness around the eyes, swelling of legs.
[endtext]

Effects of High Blood Pressure

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/hypertension-silent-killer.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8sFIq3N0XlQendofvid
[starttext]
Hypertension is a chronic disease which affects about half the population in the US. It remains as the single most important risk factor for coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, stroke, peripheral arterial disease and chronic kidney disease. Its important to understand what affects blood pressure . Hypertension is asymptomatic, therefore monitoring the blood pressure periodically remains the best method of detection.
[endtext]

Hypertension, the Silent Killer

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/real-patients-getting-ready-for-heart_19.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_L5OtDGmV_0endofvid
[starttext]
This is part 2 of yesterday's video showing real patients getting ready for heart transplants.
[endtext]

Real Patients Getting Ready for Heart Transplant - 2

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/real-patients-getting-ready-for-heart.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v58x0uSPsyAendofvid
[starttext]
The video begins with Ron Myers and William Davenport, 2 patients who are ready to get a heart transplants in just a few hours. The cardiologists and the cardiac surgeons of UPenn give their best to save the dying hearts of these patients.

Cardiac transplant remains the only option for patients with end stage heart failure. But only a few donor hearts are available and the demand is huge. This makes it a long driven process which demands complete dedication and patience from the family and the patient.

[endtext]

Real Patients Getting Ready for Heart Transplant - 1

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/left-ventricular-assist-device-lvad.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvqiV4ef22Iendofvid
[starttext]
This is an animated video which illustrates how a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is placed and how it functions. In patients with end stage heart failure who have failed optimal medical therapy and cardiac resynchronization therapy, cardiac transplant remains the only option. LVAD is a bridging procedure for patients awaiting cardiac transplant.
[endtext]

Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD)

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/cardiac-resynchronization-therapy-crt.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3AYy3IAQ4wYendofvid
[starttext]
This is an animated video which explains cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). CRT is a minimally invasive catheter based technique in the management of congestive heart failure patients who have persistent symptoms despite optimal medical therapy. the procedure involves passing a catheter through the groin like a heart catheterization. Finally the patient would have three catheters, one each in the following chambers:
1. Right Atrium
2. Right ventricle
3. Left ventricle lead also has the capacity of an internal defibrillator (AICD). All these catheters are connected to generator which is battery operated and the generator is placed subcutaneously over the chest wall.

[endtext]

Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT)

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/medical-therapy-of-heart-failure-and.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UcaUTnd5SOQendofvid
[starttext]
What does the video explain?

Dr. Michael Harper from UCSF very clearly explains the following:

1. Burden of heart failure
2. Causes of heart failure
3. Types of heart failure
4. Symptoms and signs of heart failure
5. Medical management of heart failure
6. Lifestyle modification which includes exercise and dietary change.
7. Risk factor modification
[endtext]

Medical Therapy Of Heart Failure and Overview

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/monitoring-heart-failure-at-home.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mreVdAuy7VQendofvid
[starttext]
This video explains how to monitor the symptoms of Congestive Heart Failure, what the patients are supposed to look for and how to decide when to seek medical help.

Key points to be remembered by the patient:

1. Tracking daily body weight.
2.  Look for early symptoms like shortness of breath, swelling of legs, can help patients to be on top of things.
3. Watch the salt intake.
4.Balance the fluid intake and urine output.

Remember that CHF is a chronic condition and the helping patients to  learn about their symptoms will minimize their visits to the hospital.
[endtext]

Monitoring Heart Failure At Home

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/05/basics-of-congestive-heart-failure.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pTrM3kQSg2Iendofvid
[starttext]
This is the animated video illustrating the basics of CHF. The video explains the physiology behind heart failure. Heart attack can also cause left heart failure. Left heart failure is another term for CHF. The progressive nature of congestive heart failure if untreated, ultimately causes death. 
[endtext]

Basics of Congestive Heart Failure

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/living-with-atrial-fibrillation.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LBtKzN7ZGqUendofvid
[starttext]
Phil Mooney talks about living with Atrial Fibrillation. He explains how he realized that he needed treatment for his condition. What was the treatment option he took, and how he is living now.
[endtext]

Living With Atrial Fibrillation

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/warfarin-coumadin-2.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YUVi0CXK28Eendofvid
[starttext]
This is the second part of the video explain Warfarin / Coumadin Use . It explains on what patients should keep in mind:

1. Keep all appointments
2. Ask about drug interactions
3. Be consistent with your diet
4. Report bleeding, chest pain, shortness of breath, and one sided weakness
5. Not to double up on doses
6. Use a wallet card or alert bracelet
7. Tell all your health care provider that you are taking Warfarin / Coumadin

The video also explains Deep Vein Thrombosis, and other important information for patients.

[endtext]

Warfarin / Coumadin -2

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/warfarin-coumadin-1.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4J9luqNhEvgendofvid
[starttext]
Warfarin is the generic name and the Coumadin is the brand name of the medicine that prevents blood clots or stops the clots getting bigger by thinning blood. The blood clots can break away and travel to various parts of the body. Instead of injections like heparin, warfarin can b taken by mouth. This is the reason why coumadin has become so popular in recent times. If you use Coumadin, you will still heal from cuts, but it may take longer.

Reasons for warfarin use:
1. At risk for forming a blood clot.
2. Have an existing blood clot.
3. Has Atrial Fibrillation

The video then goes on to explain Atrial Fibrillation in detail.
[endtext]

Warfarin / Coumadin -1

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/atrial-fibrillation-risk-stratification.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-5c98fA_X-kendofvid
[starttext]
This video discusses the blood thinning medication for patients with atrial fibrillation.Dr. Manish Shah, an electrophysiologist explains the risk stratification for getting a stroke.

Risk factors for getting a stroke in addition to atrial fibrillation:

Heart failure
Age over 75 yrs
High blood pressure
High blood sugar or type 2 diabetes mellitus

The physicians use a system called Chad's score to determine what is the level of risk involved. The cardiologist also explains the treatment including coumadin prescription and a close monitoring window for the patients.

[endtext]

Atrial Fibrillation - Risk Stratification For Getting A Stroke

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/symptoms-of-atrial-fibrillation.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o-erM-B16msendofvid
[starttext]
Here are the symptoms of Atrial Fibrillation:
1. Irregular, fast heartbeat.
2. Shortness of breath.
3. Feeling Lightheaded.
4. Dizziness.
5. Feeling weak.
6. Unable to exercise.
[endtext]

Symptoms of Atrial Fibrillation

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/causes-of-atrial-fibrillation.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5drvj9IKvC4endofvid
[starttext]
There are two broad classifications of causes for Atrial Fibrillation .
They are
(1) Medical Conditions: high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, heart valve problems.

(2) Things you put into your body: Stimulants like caffeine, Chocolate, Alcohol, Tobacco.
[endtext]

Causes Of Atrial Fibrillation

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/minimally-invasive-maze-procedure.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1QUy3Ro1mdMendofvid
[starttext]
The part of the heart around the pulmonary veins is believed to be the source if electrical disarray in atrial fibrillation. Mini maze is a surgical procedure for treating atrial fibrillation. Mini Maze is a procedure where you use a small pen like device through a hole on the lateral aspect of the chest wall. At the tip of the device is a laser source which identifies the target with minimal damage to the structures around. The main complication of surgical maze procedure is pulmonary vein stenosis which can be potentially reduced by the use of mini maze.
[endtext]

Minimally Invasive Maze Procedure

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/hybrid-maze-surgical-treatment-for.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sbI0_gZJDWMendofvid
[starttext]
Dr. Todd Florin, explains Hybrid Maze as an option to treat Atrial Fibrillation. Hybrid Maze is a surgical process to treat Atrial Fibrillation. It will b performed by a cardio-thoracic surgeon. The video shows the process beginning in the electrophysiology lab.The video shows an animated video of the surgical process. The specialized electrophysiologic radio frequency ablation device is a specialized vaccum device can be placed in relevant places. 

The ideal patient for this procedure would have the following characteristics:
1. Large left atrium.
2. Failed Prior Ablation.
3. No prior cardiac or abdominal surgery
 
[endtext]

Hybrid Maze - Surgical Treatment for Atrial Fibrillation

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/catheter-ablation-for-atrial.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=21_bHAhJeNIendofvid
[starttext]
Charles Pyron had been grappling with Atrial fibrillation for years. He ended up in the emergency room several times because of his condition, he refers to as "fluttery heart". Patients with Atrial Fibrillation lose energy and feel very tired. Frustrated with the absence of a permanent solution, Charles searched online and found the perfect cardiologist, Doctor Vance Plumb in UAB. The goal of the procedure is pin pointing the spot which creates abnormal electrical signals and destroy the tissue that causes it.  
[endtext]

Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/06/synchronized-cardioversion-for-atrial.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2nsN0vdXZuYendofvid
[starttext]
The video above shows the synchronized cardioversion for atrial fibrillation. 
Cardioversion is defined as a “synchronized DC discharge, and does not apply to ventricular defibrillation or to the pharmacological reversion of arrhythmias.
The video shows a video of an actual male patient suffering from atrial fibrillation. The cardiologist and the nurses are involved in the process of synchronized electrical discharge.
[endtext]

Synchronized Cardioversion for Atrial Fibrillation

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/05/introduction-to-atrial-fibrillation.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BZ1vMLPrHnkendofvid
[starttext]
Three Cardiac Electrophysiologists  explain atrial fibrillation and explain the methods
of treating this issue. Beginning with explaining common rhythm issues and giving the statistics that atrial fibrillation affects 2.4 million Americans. Then the movement of the blood into and out of the heart is shown with the help of animation. Organized electrical impulse drives the rhythmic contraction is similar to a spark plug to a vehicle.

There is only one medicine when there are risk factors: Warfarin, also called as Coumadin . There is also a surgical procedure to treat atrial fibrillation. It is called Catheter Ablation.




[endtext]

Introduction to Atrial Fibrillation

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/05/basics-of-atrial-fibrillation.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VKxQgjj2yVUendofvid
[starttext]
The heart is a muscle that contracts in rhythmic sequence for the duration of our lifetime.
Each beat is stimulated by an electical signal that is generated by the heart's conduction system.
Sometimes the conduction system can change it's performace. The video shows the path of
electrical signal. Atrial fibrillation is abnormal heartbeat caused by erratic electrical signal
originating from the atria. In people who experience this problem, the hearbeat can go upto
175 beats per minute. This condition is commonly treated with a pace maker.
[endtext]

Basics of Atrial Fibrillation

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/05/progression-of-atherosclerosis.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-oZjSKLBRwendofvid
[starttext]
Atherosclerosis is the process where cholesterol gets deposited in blood vessels. There are different types of cholesterol in the body. It is important to know that the main culprit is the low density lipoprotein (LDL) which helps cholesterol deposition in the blood vessel. The high density lipoprotein (HDL) is the good cholesterol as it scavenges the lipid out of the body. The LDL can penetrate the layers of blood vessels. Since it is very low in density it can get deposited in the deeper layers of blood vessels and form a plaque. 

There are different types of blood cells in our body. One type of blood cell called monocyte becomes the macrophage in the tissues. The function of the macrophage is to fight any foreign material. The macrophage engulfs the LDL. Once the macrophage is saturated with LDL it bursts open releasing the fat content. In an attempt to heal, there is fibrous deposition over the fat content. When the fat content progressively increases the fibrous cap breaks open releasing the contents of the plaque. The red cells and platelets get stuck to the ruptured plaque and forms a blood clot. the clot progressively increases in size and occludes the artery completely. When the artery is completely occluded, the blood supply to the heart is completely cut off. 

This clearly explains that we have a long latent period to intervene and prevent heart disease.

[endtext]

Progression Of Atherosclerosis

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/05/5-easy-steps-to-prevent-heart-disease.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TofuvyeiRaMendofvid
[starttext]
Heart disease is the No:1 killer in The United States. Despite the many advances in medical field, what is proven to be of utmost benefit is basic health principles.
Knowing your genes helps you to stratify your risk for heart disease. Remember what grandma told: Eat right, work out and don't party hard!
[endtext]

5 Easy steps to prevent Heart disease

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/05/real-heart-attack-treatment.html?m=0[/postlink]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rv-uWXo4xzUendofvid
[starttext]
Warning: This is not a video for weakhearted people as it shows a real heart attack and the ensuing treatment.
This is a must watch video for anybody who is inquisitive to know about heart attack.
What the video shows is how one should respond when someone is having chest pain and what happens after the paramedic arrives. There is a clear illustration of a Cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and successful use of a defibrillator. Ventricular fibrillation which is the most common cause of death from heart attack can be treated with early use of a Defibrillator.
[endtext]

A Real Heart Attack & Treatment

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/05/atherosclerosis.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M0NF2ODfd9Eendofvid
[starttext]
Atherosclerosis is caused by obesity, smoking, family history and aging. This interactive
video shows the point of view of a blood cell moving through an artery. LDL enters the
wall of the artery and creates inflammation and then forms plaque. This chronic process
of blockage by plaque on arteries is called Atherosclerosis.

[endtext]

Atherosclerosis

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/05/pulsus-paradoxus.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jTsjCZ9QxW8endofvid
[starttext]
The video explains Pulsus Paradoxus.

Pulsus Paradoxus or Paradoxical pulse, is defined as an exaggeration (more than 10
torr) of the normal variation during the inspiratory phase of  respiration, in which
the blood pressure declines as one inhales and increases as one exhales. It is a sign
that is indicative of several conditions including Cardiac Tamponade, Pericarditis
including, croup, chronic sleep apnea and obstructive lung disease.
[endtext]

Pulsus Paradoxus

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/05/tamponade-periocardiocentesis.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7awdcbSfnFUendofvid
[starttext]
The learning objectives using this video are:

Echocardiographic appearance of pericardial collections.
The physiology of cardiac tamponade.
The basic echocardiographic signs of tamponade.
The role of echocardiography in Periocardiocentesis.

[endtext]

Tamponade & Periocardiocentesis

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/05/cardiology-physical-examination-part-1.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n_awZ5ST4Iwendofvid
[starttext]
A Doctor from Connecticut shows how physical examination must be done for patients with cardiac
problems. The cardiologist uses an electronic stethoscope that amplifies and shows
accurate information.

The doctor checks the vital signs of the patient (Blood pressure & pulse)
The doctor also shows how to check the jugular distension.
He then moves on to check the patients legs and notices that he has normal hair growth and no swelling.

[endtext]

Cardiology Physical Examination Part 1

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/05/understand-how-your-heart-circulates.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3ZDJgFDdk0endofvid
[starttext]
This is an animated video explaining how the human heart circulates blood.
The heart pumps 5 quarts of blood every minute and it beats 100,000 times every day.
The animation also explains how the lungs oxygenate the blood and purify it. You can
also understand the concept of systole, diastole and parts of the heart like atrium,
ventricles and so on.

[endtext]

Understand How Your Heart Circulates Blood

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/05/cardiac-bypass-surgery-part-3.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y6TevY8hRy4endofvid
[starttext]
This is the final part of the cardiac bypass video. The surgeon skillfully sets up
a graft to bypass the blockage to the heart.
[endtext]

Cardiac Bypass Surgery - part 3

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/05/cardiac-bypass-surgery-part-2.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qpdvYsg2UhIendofvid
[starttext]
The video proceeds to an actual patient undergo a bypass. Some sutures are put in the
heart, so that there is not profuse beating. The patient will be given Heparin so that
blood will not clot. For the purpose of bypass, a vein from the patient's leg is taken.
The vein graft from the leg starts out as a vein and ends up as being an artery. The heart
is made to stop pumping and the heart heart stops beating. The heart is then made very cold
to prevent is deterioration. watch the video for the complete information.
[endtext]

Cardiac Bypass Surgery - part 2

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/05/3d-animation-of-cardiac-tamponade.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QwgfuDegC5Yendofvid
[starttext]
Cardiac tamponade is compression of the heart that occurs when blood or fluid builds up in the space between the myocardium (heart muscle) and the pericardium (outer covering sac of the heart).

Cardiac tamponade is an emergency condition that requires hospitalization.

The fluid around the heart must be drained. Pericardiocentesis is a procedure that uses a needle to remove fluid from the pericardial sac, the tissue that surrounds the heart.

A procedure to cut and remove part of the pericardium (surgical pericardiectomy or pericardial window) may also be done.

Fluids are given to maintain normal blood pressure until pericardiocentesis can be performed. Medications that increase blood pressure may also help sustain the patient's life until the fluid is drained.

The patient may be given oxygen. This reduces the workload on the heart by decreasing tissue demands for blood flow.

The cause of the tamponade must be identified and treated. 
[endtext]

3D Animation Of Cardiac Tamponade

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/05/cardiac-bypass-surgery-part-1.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=94w6VN2JYv8endofvid
[starttext]
The cardiac surgeon clearly explains how the heart squeezed blood out to the body.
However the heart itself needs blood to function. So, the heart pumps blood to itself.
Coronary artery disease is the gradual blockage of these vessels. This blockage is
caused by the build up of cholesterol.The bypass surgery is a simple process of grafting
and changing the blood supply line and bypassing the line of blockage.Also, gives you
a quick overviiew of the operation theater.
[endtext]

Cardiac Bypass Surgery - part 1

[postlink]http://abcheart.blogspot.com/2011/05/beating-heart-surgery.html?m=0[/postlink]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zxqj1BcBpIgendofvid
[starttext]
Also called off-pump coronary artery surgery is a recent technique developed to deal with a coronary artery problem A cardiac stabilizer is needed for this surgery.
[endtext]

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